HOW THE WEB BROWSER DISPLAY A HOMEPAGE OR WEBPAGE

A web browser thus deal with web server . Actually , a server is a computer that provides services to other computer programs in the same or other computers . The computer that a server program runs on is also frequently referred to as a server (thought it may contain a number of server and client programs) . Client / server describes the relationship between two computer program which one program , the client , make a service request from another program , the server , which fulfills the request . In a network , the client / server model provides a convenient way to interconnect programs that are distributed efficiently across the network.
A web browser is a piece of computer software that runs on a computer connected to internet . It can respond to a browser’s request for a page , and deliver the page to the web browser through the internet . Every computer on the internet that contains , or hosts , a website must have a web server program . The most popular web server are Microsoft’s Internet Information Server , which comes with the Windows NT server , Netscape FastTrack and Enterprise servers , and Apache , a web server for UNIX-based operating system(web server).
In the usual client / server model , one server , somestimes called a daemon , is activated and awaits client requests . Typically , multiple client programs share the services for a common server program . Both client programs and server programs are often part of the larger program or application . In the context of the internet , your web browser is a client program that requests services from the web server in another computer somewhere on the internet . Similarly , your computer with Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) / Internet Protocol (IP) installed allows you to make client request for files from File Transfer Protocol (FTP) servers in other computers on the internet.

The Basic Process

To access a website we need to know its file address , or URL(Uniform Resource Locator) . Suppose you type the URL http://www.dis.strath.ac.uk into your browser and press . Then , no matter where that website is , the page pops us on your screen.


Several things happened here behind the scene:

Step 1
The browser divided URL into three parts:
• The protocol (http)
• Server name (www.dis.strath.ac.uk)
• File name (courses/buscomp)

Step 2
The browser communicated with a Domain Name Server (DNS) to translate the server name into an IP address , which it uses to connect to the server machine . Each machine on the internet is assigned a unique IP address . These are 32-bit number normally expressed as four octets in a dotted decimal number . A typical IP address looks like this :
216.27.61.137
An octet is a number between 0 and 255 (2³ possibilities per octet) . A server has a static IP address that does not change very often . A home machine that uses a dial-up connection through a modem often has an IP address that is assigned by the ISP( Internet Service Provider) when you dial in . That IP address is unique for a given session , but many be different the next time you dial in . The DNS system is a very large distributed database system that keeps track of each and every IP address on the internet . Whenever we type a URL on our browser , it send a message to a DNS to get IP address for the domain for which we have typed a URL . Domain name servers not only provide the correct IP address for a domain , but also keep track of new domain names as well as changes in domain names . This massive distributed database system has possibly the largest number of transactions everyday.

Step 3
After obtaining the IP address , the browser formed a connection to the server at that IP address on port 80 . Any server machine makes its service available to the internet using numbered ports , one of each service that is available on the serve r. For example , if a server machine is running a web server and an FTP server , the web server would typically be available on port 80, and the FTP server would be available on port 21.

Step 4
Following the hypertext transfer protocol , the browser sent a GET request to the server , asking for the file named corses / buscomp . At this stage , cookies may be sent from browser to server with the GET request . A cookies is a piece of text that a web server can store on a user’s hard disk . Cookies allow a website to store information on a user’s machine and later retrieve it . The piece of information are stored as name – value pairs . Using cookies , sites can determine how many visitor arrive , how many are new visitors , how often a visitor has visited , and so on.


Step 5
The server then sent the HTML text for the web page to the browser

Step 6
The browser read the HTML tags , formatted the page accordingly and displayed it on your screen

Chapter 3

Common features of most application including Microsoft 2003 is :
• User interface
• Windows
• Menus
• Dialog box
• Toolbar

In 2007 microsoft office there have new interface designed to make more easier :
• Ribbon
• Contextual
• Galleries

Word processor allow to create, edit, save and print document. Word wrap is a basic features. Editing features include :
• Thesaurus
• Find and replace
• Spelling and grammar

Formatting features include :
• Font
• Character effect
• Bulleted

Principal of spreadsheet features is include :
• Workbook file
• Worksheet
• Cells
• Text entries
• Formula
• Range
• Analytical graph
• Recalculation
• What-if analysis

Database is a collection of related data. There have principal features included :
• Relational database
• Tables
• Sort
• Query
• Forms
• Reports

Presentation graphic is include image, information and audio. The principal features is include :
• Slides
• Autocontent wizard
• Design templates
• Master slide

Integrated package is also known as personal or home software. It is a single program that provided the functionally of word processor, spreadsheet, database manager, and so on.

Software suite is a collection of individual application packages sold together.

1. Productivity suite (business suites)
- Contain professional grade application programs
2. Personal suite (home suites)
- Personal software applications or programs intended for home use
3. Specialized suites
-Focus on specific application such as graphics
4. Utility suites
Include a variety of programs designed to make computing easier and safer

Computer trainers is the best chosen for this chapter in IT career.

chapter 2

Internet is launched in 1969 with ARPANET. It consist actual physical network made up of wire, cables, and satellites. When it connected it call online. Web was introduced by CERN in 1992 and it provides a multimedia interface to internet resource. The most common is :
• Communication
• Shopping
• Searching
• Entertainment
• Education

To connect the internet is easy like connect to phone. When it connected, it can access to any other computer in the world. After that use browser to search or find information. To most common way to access is use ISP (internet service providers). The most widely used commercial ISP is :
• National service providers
• Wireless service providers

Browser provided us access to web resource. So that, to open or transfer file, display text and image can be easy. It also allow to surf internet and explore from one web sites to another web site. Some related terms is :
• URL
• HTML
• Applets

Communication cannot be overestimated. It provide connect to other people. We can use
• Email
• Instant message
• Social network

Search tool is help us to find any information. It maintain with huge databased relating to web site content. There have many search service :
• Search engine
• Metasearch engine
• Specialized engine
• Content evaluation

Electric commerce or e-commerce helps us to buying or selling any things in the internet. There have many e-commerce such as :
• Business-to-business
• Consumer-to-consumer
• Security

Examples :
1. Ecash
2. Google
3. Internet cash
4. Paypal


Web utilities is the special utility programs. It make using internet and web more safer and easier .

Web-based application free users from owner and storing application.

FTP is file transfer protocol. It allow downloading file from the internet.

Plug-in are automatically load and operate as part of browser.

Filter is used to block certain sites.

Internet security is to protect our privacy at websites.

Can be webmaster in IT career.

balek kaMpOng!!! HohOho BaLek KamPoNG!!!

Hohohoho!sonoknyer dapat balek kampong.dh x sabow nak jumper my family!
LAlalalalala.....Tapi yang sedey nye balek x dapat jumpe dowang sebab family aku pegi jb.Memang bagos!aku balek selangor dowang g johor.Hehehehe...Atok akunye sepupu anak die pakcik aku kawen.X tau la bape pupu ngan aku.So... malam 2 aku sensorang la kat umah.Tp xde halla sebab jiran aku ramai klu de pape jerit je la..Hahahahaha.....Keje aku kat umah cam biase.Ambil adik kat skola,kms rumah n yang paling syok skali g kedai.Pas tu aku siapkan hal ptptn.Aku de kat umah 6 ari je.30hb aku g muo.Siapkan assignment pn norizan.soronok sangat sebab dapat pengalaman baru.Aku,adeq,aini,n fafa g RUMAH PENGASIH.Kitorang interviu bekas penagih dadah.Tapi disebabkan kitorang terjah je datang sane,dorang ramai xde.Aku dapat gak tengok tempat orang.x sangke rupenye kat muar nie banyak tempat menarik.Tu jelah yang aku dapat citekan.

Chapter 1

Information system has 5 parts:
• People
• Procedures
• Software
• Hardware
• Data


People is the most important parts. It making us more productive.
People has 4 features :
• Making IT work for you
Present several interesting and practical application
• Tips
Suggestion on such practical application to improve slow computer and protect privacy
• Career in IT
Job in IT industry. Like webmaster, technical writer, programmer and so on.
• Computing Essential web sites
Textbook with information on the web

Procedures is a guidelines for people to use software or hardware and data. It produced by computer specialists.

Software is a program written to perform specific task. It consist of the step-by-step instruction to computer so that it can work.
It divide by 2:
• System
It makes application software interact with hardware. It consist of a variety of programs:
1. Operating system
2. utilities
3. Device drivers
• Application
Perform a specific task

Hardware is the physical equipment. There have many type like microcomputer and so on.
There have 4 basic of hardware device :
• System unit
• Input/output devices
• Secondary storage
• Communication device


Lastly, data. It is a unprocessed fact about something. When the data has been processed, it become information.
It has 4 common types :
• Document file
• Worksheet file
• Database file

Connectivity is a concept describing the ability of end users to tap into resources well beyond their desktops. The central concept is network and the largest network is internet.
Connectivity allows computer to connect computer and share with other computer. It keep evolution time after time.

Many types of career in IT. Example :
• Webmaster
• Software engineering
• Network administration
• System analyst

Summary of classes

Hye!!!It's me Pa or my full name is Pathen Hammamah Bte Abdul Malek.I'm student of Diploma Science Computer at UITM Johor.Today i want tell everyone about my new class.I dont know what to say but my class is happening and enjoy.I got new friend from any places and majority in my classmate from Johor.I'm very excited to know all of them.Before we start our class we have orientation for new student.It's so tired but it also fun.When class is started,wet got so many assignment.Especially in class csc119.In this class we learn about computer essential.It is about web and Internet.It's so fun but sometimes it's so hard to catch up that subject.So many i dont know about this subject but i not give up.Oh!forgot to introduce my our lecturer.His name is Sir Abdul Malik Bin Mohd Rick.He so sweet.heheheheh.....That's all i want to say today.Bye2!!